Microbiology Lecture 15 notes Microorganisms and Human Disease p. 362-388

DPT: Diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus. Always some % unfavorable reactions. (Small # retarded from earlier pertussis vaccinating component).

Latest CDC recommendations:

http://www.rogerknapp.com/medical/dpt.htm

On the other hand:

DPT VaccineSide Effects If you or your child has suffered from DPT Vaccine side effects we can help you get the compensation you deserve. Free case evaluation by qualifed attorney.
www.parkerwaichman.com

Incubatory carriers: no symptoms, still most dangerous for transmission. Chronic carriers, asymptomatic carriers. "Natural reservoir" coevolved organism that harbors agent. Zoonosis: animal reservoir.

Rivers' postulates for viral diseases.1. Find in diseased fluids or cells. 2.Produce disease (or antibodies) in healthy. 3.Isolate from inoculated, put into another causes disease again.

ID₅₀, LD₅₀, ED₅₀, TD₅₀, etc. response = "bell-shaped curve", so, if LD50 = 8 berries, 1 may kill! Various people react differently. Ex.: local restaurant outbreak of salmonellosis.

Direct contact (slow rise) vs. common source (water-borne) epidemics (sharp rise).

Pathogens must: survive transit, stick to target (pili), get into target, evade host defenses, obtain iron (struggle point; transferrin for us, siderophores for E. coli)

"No harm, no foul"; just enough cell-killing toxin for adequate Iron release. Successful pathogen must multiply in host, leave host before killed.

Virulence factors increase pathogenicity: not diabolical; survival of the fittest. Exotoxins = heat-labile. Endotoxins = heat stable. Collagenase, coagulase, hyaluronidase, hemolysins, leukocidins, etc.

http://www.hrsa.gov/smallpoxinjury/

Smallpox Vaccine Injury Compensation Program

The Smallpox Emergency Personnel Protection Act of 2003, Public Law 108-20, 117 Stat. 638, authorized the Secretary of Health and Human Services to establish the Smallpox Vaccine Injury Compensation Program. The program was appropriated $42 million to provide benefits and/or compensation to eligible individuals.

ALERT The Secretary's Declaration Period is extended to January 23, 2005. The Smallpox Vaccine Injury Compensation Program now covers
(a) eligible individuals who receive a smallpox vaccination through January 23, 2005 and
(b) eligible vaccinia contacts who have medical symptoms that first appear by February 22, 2005 (which is within 30 days of the end of the period of the Declaration).

How to Request Benefits
HHS Secretary Tommy G. Thompson announced an interim final rule that describes eligibility criteria and the process for requesting benefits on December 11, 2003.

Forms & Instructions for filing a claim

Covered Injuries Table

Fact Sheet

Frequently Asked Questions

Press release: HHS Issues Rules for Smallpox Vaccine Injury Compensation

To be eligible, an individual must be a:

· Smallpox Vaccine Recipient, defined as:

· a health care worker, law enforcement officer, firefighter, security personnel, emergency medical personnel, other public safety personnel, or support personnel for such occupational specialties who has volunteered and been selected to be a member of a smallpox emergency response plan prior to the time at which the Secretary publicly announces that an active case of smallpox has been identified within or outside of the United States;

· who is or will be functioning in a role identified in an HHS-approved smallpox emergency response plan (a Plan);

· to whom a smallpox vaccine is administered pursuant to a Plan during the effective period of the Declaration.

· Vaccinia Contact, defined as:

· someone who contracted vaccinia during the effective period of the Declaration (or within 30 days after the end of such period);

· prior to contracting vaccinia, was accidentally inoculated by a smallpox vaccine recipient or a contact of such a person. Etc...

· Survivor of a smallpox vaccine recipient or a vaccinia contact who died as a direct result of a medical injury covered by this Program, or

· Representative of an estate of a deceased smallpox vaccine recipient or vaccinia contact.

A Covered Injury is defined as an injury that the Secretary determines:

· meets the requirements of the Table (which is presumed to be the direct result of the administration of a smallpox vaccine or accidental vaccinia inoculation); or

· was more likely than not, the direct result of:
(A) the administration of a covered countermeasure (including the smallpox vaccine) during the effective period of the Declaration, in the case of a smallpox vaccine recipient; or
(B) vaccinia contracted through accidental vaccinia inoculation (and not the result of receiving a smallpox vaccine) during the effective period of the Declaration (or within 30 days after the end of such period), in the case of a vaccinia contact.

· Covered Injuries Table