Microbiology test questions second section (MICR1)
1. If the alcohol wash step were omitted from the Gram staining procedure, a Gram negative organism would stain a.pink b.purple c. colorless
b
2. Staphylococci are a.rods in chains b.rods in grapelike clusters c.spiral--shaped in palisades d.cocci in chains e.none of these
e
3. At room temperature, agar is a a.solid b.liquid c.gas d.could be either of two of these
a
4. "Tumbling" is caused by a.opposite rotation of several flagella b.chemotaxis c.production of slime in front of the cell d.violent conjugation e.change in the direction of flagellar rotation
e
5. Flagella can only be seen using the oil lens. a.true b.false
b
6. Pili are involved in a.genetic exchange b.motility c.attachment d.all of these e.two of these
e
7. Gram negative cells don't contain peptidoglycan. a.true b.false
b
8. Gram negatives are typically more resistant to penicillin because they have a thicker cell wall. a.true b.false
b
9. Mycoplasmas differ from L--forms in that the latter can regenerate their cell walls, while mycoplasmas have entirely lost this ability. a.true b.false
b
10. Generation time can be determined during _____ phase. a.lag b.log c.stationary d.decline e.any one of the above
b
11. A medium containing yeast extract would be a.natural b.defined c. complex d. synthetic
c
12. A buffer with a pK of 4.76 would be a reasonable choice for growing bacteria that grow best in the physiological range. a.true b.false
b
13. A ______ would grow best at 5 C. a.thermophile b.facultative thermophile c.mesophile d.psychrophile e.could be either one of two of these
d
14. When plotted against temperature, enzymatic activity shows a nearly perfect "bell--shaped" curve. a.true b.false
b
15. "Halophiles" love a.high pressure b.light c.the north pole d.air e.salt
e
16. E. coli is a(n) a.aerobe b.anaerobe c.microaerophile d.hyperbarophile e. facultative anaerobe
e
17. In the handout describing genetic probes, biotin was used as a a.probe b.target c.reporter d.radioisotope e.growth supplement
C
18. Which give(s) a viable count? a.counting chamber b.spectrophotometer c.spread plate d.pour plate e.two of these
e
19. A suspension containing 20 million total cells per ml. would show _____ bacteria per "square" in a Petroff-Hauser counting chamber. a.5 b.10 c.50 d.1 e.100
d
20. A spread plate containing _____ colonies is "valid". a.20 b.30 c.300 d.all of these e.two of these
b
21. Give causative agents for:
Coccidioidomycosis
Cystitis
Diphtheria
Epiglottitis
Erysipelas
C. imitis;usu.E.coli;C.diphtheriae;H.influenzae;S.pyogenes micrl....
22. ___________ generally contain more DNA. a.procaryotes b.eucaryotes
b
23. Topoisomerase is involved in a.glycolysis b.electron transport c.the TCA cycle d.DNA folding e.none of these
d
24. The phrase, "Sex at noon taxes" is an example of a(n) a.stem-loop b. toposomerase c. intercalation d.negative supercoil e.palindrome
e
25. _________ involves conversion of glucose to pyruvate. a.Glycolysis b.The TCA cycle c.Methanogenesis d.Electron transport e.None of these
a
26. Proteins that interact with DNA generally associate with the _____ groove. a.major b.minor
a
27. If the MBC is 2x the MIC, the drug is a.bacteriostatic b.bactericidal
b
28. A good antibiotic will have a _____ therapeutic index a.high b.low c.therapeutic index has nothing to do with toxicity, so it can not determine usefulness of an antibiotic
a
29. Heating milk to 63 degrees C for 30 minutes accomplishes a.sterilization b.flash pasteurization c.pasteurization d.Tyndallization e.none of these
C
30. Different species of bacteria are remarkably similar in their sensitivity to radiation. a.true b.false
b
31. Gram positives are generally more susceptible to antibiotics than
Gram negatives, although some antibiotics are active only on Gram negatives. a.true b.false
a
32. Some microbes that spoil food can grow at refrigerator temperatures. a.true b.false
a
33. Pyruvate contains oxygens. a.1 b.2 c.3 d.4 e.more than 4
C
34. Conversion of an aldehyde to a carboxylic acid generates a net yield of energy in a.the Krebs cycle b.glycolysis c.electron transport d.none of these
b
35. Give causative agents for the following:
Bacterial endocarditis
Gonorrhea
Histoplasmosis
Legionnaire' s disease
Lyme disease
Strep,Staph ,Neiss ,etc ; N. gon; H. capsul ; L . pneum; Borr. burgdorferi
36. A single coenzyme molecule may associate with a number of enzymes at different times during growth. a.true b.false
a
37. Carbon dioxide and glucose are located at the top of the electron tower. Glucose is a good _____ agent. a.oxidizing b.reducing
b
38. _____serves as a prime energy carrier in a cell. a.NAD b.pyruvate c.vitamin C d.phosphoenol pyruvate e.ATP
e
39. Substrate--level phosphorylations a.occur only along membranes b.are the only way ATP can be made c.occur as a result of oxidative phosphorylation d.occur during glycolysis e.two of these
d
40. The proton motive force can be used to a.transport ions b.rotate a flagellum c.synthesize ATP d.all of these e.none of these
d
41. Uncouplers a.block electron transport b.prevent ATP production during glycolysis c.prevent carbon dioxide synthesis during the Krebs cycle d.cause substrates to be cleaved without production of reducing power e.none of these
e
42. In the TCA cycle, the four carbon molecule to which two carbons from glycolysis are added is a.succinate b.fumarate c.malate d.oxaloacetate e.none of these
d
43. Anaerobic respiration involves a.electron transport without glycolysis b.terminal electron acceptors other than oxygen c.burning of glucose without carbon dioxide production d.photosynthesis without oxygen production e.none of these
b
44. Gluconeogenesis is a.creation of glucose from noncarbohydrate precursors b.catabolism of glucose through a newly-discovered mechanism c.carbon dioxide fixation d.anaerobic utilization of glucose e.none of these
a
45. An organism that grows maximally at 35 degrees centigrade would be a(n) a. thermophile b.mesophile c.psychrophile d.acidophile e.none of these
b
46. Streak plates are made to a.establish pure cultures b.check the Gram reactions of cultures c.ascertain the purity of a cultures d.evaluate the motility of an organism e.two of these
e
47. The generation time of a culture refers to a..how long it takes to reach stationary phase b.how long it takes for the numbers of cells to double c.how long a culture can be maintained without mutating d.how long it takes for cells to enter logarithmic growth e.two of these
b
48. _____ will give you a "total count" a.microscopic enumeration b.a pour plate c.dry weight determination d.membrane filtration e.two of these
e
49. Secondary metabolites are produced primarily during ____ phase. a.lag b.exponential c. stationary d.decline e.variegation
C
50. Most of the RNA in a growing culture is ______RNA. a.messenger b.transfer c.ribosomal d.membrane e.reticular
C
51. Thermus aquaticus is of great significance in research because of its a.ability to make antibiotics b.stable DNA polymerase c.production of toxins d.maintenance of a very long exponential phase e.none of these
b
52. The unactivated, ground state of oxygen is a.singlet oxygen b.doublet oxygen c.triplet oxygen d.peroxide e.superoxide
C
53. The decimal reduction time is the time required for _____% killing a.10 b.50 c.90 d.99 e.99.9
C
54. Pasteurization typically might involve a.boiling for 10 minutes b.heating to 63 centigrade for 30 minutes c.raising to 121 centigrade for 20 minutes d.dry heat for 4 hours e.all of these describe pasteurization
b
55. ______ are used on inanimate objects a.disinfectants b.antiseptics
a
56. Give causative agents for
Coccidioidomycosis
Cystitis
Dermatophytos is
Epiglottitis
Diphtheria
C. immitis;usuE .coli;Trycophyton,Microsporum,Epidermophyton; H. influenzae; C. diphtheriae
57. Give causitive agents for:
Anthrax
Botulism
Candid las is
Cholera
Cystitis
B.anthr.,Cl.botu,Cand.albj..,VcholUsuE coli
58. Give causative agents for diphtheria
epiglottitis
erysipelas
gastroenteritis
gonorrhea
C.dip;H.infl;s.pyo;C.fet;N.gon.
59. An infectious agent whose extracellular form may contain no nucleic acid a.does not exist b.is a typical virus c.is an oncogene d.is a prion e.none of these
d
60. "Intronless" DNA can be created using a.a "proofreading" enzyme b.the "AMES"procedure c.ethidium bromide d.the "Sanger" technique e.reverse transcriptase
e
61. Histidine-requiring auxotrophs of Salmonella are important in a.detoxification of water b.productjon of cDNA c.the "Ames" Test d.tracing the distribution of infectious agents e.none of these
C
62. Transfer of bacterial genes that involves free DNA is a.transcription
b. translation c.autoradiography d.reverse transcription e. transformation
e